Ključni nalazi analize Predloga Nacionalne strategije zapošljavanja za period 2021-2026

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Ključni nalazi Radne grupe Nacionalnog konventa o Evropskoj uniji (NKEU) za pregovaračka poglavlja 2 i 19 – Socijalna politika i zapošljavanje su:

1. Predloženi dokument usmeren je prevashodno na politiku tržišta rada a ne na politiku zapošljavanja. I nije predvideo načine za uklanjanje prepreka socijalnom dijalogu. Nisu predviđene mere za jačanje kapaciteta socijalnih partnera i unapređenje kapaciteta Socijalno-ekonomskog saveta (SES).
2. Predložene mere ne vode ka kreiranju kvalitetnih radnih mesta iako se u ciljevima pominje inkluzivnost tržišta rada, dostojanstven rad i kvalitet poslova.
3. Izostale su veoma važne intervencije za uklanjanje prepreka za uključivanje na tržište rada (npr. razvoj usluga brige o deci i starijima kao podrška ženama na tržištu rada). Nedostaju mere za podsticanje socijalne uključenosti i smanjenje siromaštva. Sagledavanje politike zapošljavanja u kontekstu održivog razvoja potpuno je izostalo u ovom dokumentu.
4. Uprkos tome što se u Predlogu navodi ocena Evropske komisije da „nedostaju adekvatni finansijski i institucionalni resursi za zapošljavanje i socijalnu politiku“ planirana izdvajanja za aktivne mere zapošljavanja (APZ) su projektovana na 0,2% BDP u 2026. godini dok je ciljna vrednost u prethodnoj strategiji bila 0,5% BDP u 2020. godini. Sa tako skromnim izdvajanjima Srbija će i dalje ostati na začelju Evrope i sa najnižim obuhvatom merama APZ. Da podsetimo u Evropi: u 2018. u mere APZ u Srbiji je uključeno 5,1 od 100 nezaposlenih dok je u EU najmanji obuhvat imala Rumunija (5,3), a najveći Belgija (76,5). Obuhvat nezaposlenih merama APZ u 2019. pao je na 4,7.
5. Predlog strategije predstavlja korak unazad u odnosu na prethodnu strategiju. Dok je prethodna strategija definisala ciljeve za unapređenje položaja deset grupa teže zapošljivih (žene, mladi, osobe sa invaliditetom, Romi, povratnici po sporazumu o readmisiji, ruralno stanovništvo, interno raseljena lica i izbeglice, korisnici novčane socijalne pomoći, lica bez kvalifikacija i sa niskim nivoom kvalifikacija, viškovi zaposlenih) predlog strategije predviđa mere za svega četiri grupe (korisnici socijalne zaštite, žene, mladi i osobe sa invaliditetom). Migranti, kao nova ranjiva grupa nisu ni pomenuti u predlogu strategije. Izostavljanje Romkinja i Roma kao najranjivije grupe na tržištu rada izaziva posebnu zabrinutost. Ignorisano je i istraživanje Svetske banke, po kome će do 2030. čak i do 30% novih ulaznika na tržište rada biti iz reda marginalizovanih i ranjivih grupa kao što su Romi.
6. Praksa dostavljanja poziva za javnu raspravu u praznično vreme sa ostavljanjem izuzetno kratkih rokova ponovljena je  i ovog puta.   Analizi ovako važnog strateškog dokumenta nije pristupljeno odgovorno i transparentno, niti su iskorišćeni svi resursi članica NKEU u izradi nacrta strategije.
7. Predlog strategije ne sadrži predlog akcionog plana koji se po pravilu usvaja istvoremeno sa dokumentom javne politike. Kada i na koji način će biti sprovedena  javna rasprava o predlogu akcionog plana?
8. Sveobuhvatni komentari Radne grupe na Predlog Nacionalne strategije zapošljavanja za period 2021- 2026 dostavljeni su nadležnom Ministarstvu za rad, zapošljavanje, boračka i socijalna pitanja.

Link: http://www.centaronline.org/userfiles/files/preuzimanje/2021-01-13-Komentari-Radne-grupe- Nacionalnog-konventa-o-Evropskoj-uniji.pdf

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U ime Radne grupe NKEU za poglavlja 2 i 19

Koordinator Radne grupe Fondacija Centar za demokratiju

Beograd, 18. januar 2021.

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KEY FINDINGS OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE PROPOSAL OF THE NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT STRATEGY FOR THE PERIOD 2021-2026

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The key findings of the Working Group of the National Convention on the European Union (NCEU) for Negotiating Chapters 2 and 19 – Social Policy and Employment have been published.

1. The proposed document focuses primarily on labor market policy rather than employment policy and does not provide ways to remove obstacles to social dialogue. No measures are envisaged to strengthen the capacity of the social partners and improve the capacity of the Social and Economic Council (SES).
2. The proposed measures do not lead to creation of quality jobs, although the goals mention the inclusiveness of the labor market, decent work and quality of work.
3. Important interventions to remove barriers to inclusion in the labor market were missing (e.g. the development of care services for children and the elderly as a support women in the labor market). Measures to encourage social inclusion and reduce poverty are lacking. Consideration of employment policy in the context of sustainable development is completely missing in this document.
4. Even though the proposal states the European Commission’s assessment that „adequate financial and institutional resources for employment and social policy are lacking“, the planned allocations for active employment measures (AEMs) are projected at 0.2% of GDP in 2026, while the target value in the previous strategy was 0.5% of GDP in 2020. With such modest allocations, Serbia will continue to lag behind Europe and with the lowest coverage of measures. The situation in Europe was as follows: in 2018, 5.1 out of 100 unemployed people were included in the AEM measures in Serbia, while in the EU, Romania had the smallest coverage (5.3), and Belgium the largest (76.5). The coverage of the unemployed by the AEM measures in 2019 dropped to 4.7.
5. The proposed strategy is a step backwards from the previous one. While the previous strategy defined goals for improving the position of ten groups that are harder-to-employ (women, youth, people with disabilities, Roma, returnees under readmission agreements, rural population, internally displaced persons and refugees, beneficiaries of cash social assistance, unskilled and low level of qualifications, redundancies), the proposed strategy envisages measures for only four groups (beneficiaries of social protection, women, youth and persons with disabilities). Migrants, as a new vulnerable group, are not even mentioned in the proposed strategy. The omission of Roma men and women as the most vulnerable groups in the labor market is of particular concern. The World Bank research was also ignored, according to which by 2030, even up to 30% of new entrants to the labor market will be from the ranks of marginalized and vulnerable groups such as the Roma.
6. The practice of submitting invitations for public debate during the holidays, leaving extremely short deadlines, has been repeated once again. The analysis of such an important strategic document was not approached responsibly and transparently, nor were all the resources of NCEU members used in drafting the strategy.
7. The draft strategy does not contain a draft action plan, which is usually adopted at the same time as the public policy document. When and in what way will the public debate on the proposed action plan be conducted?
8. Comprehensive comments of the Working Group on the Proposal of the National Employment Strategy for the period 2021-2026 were submitted to the competent Ministry of Labor, Employment, Veterans and Social Affairs.

Link: http://www.centaronline.org/userfiles/files/preuzimanje/2021-01-13-Komentari-Radne-grupe- Nacionalnog-konventa-o-Evropskoj-uniji.pdf

On the behalf of the NCEU Working group for chapters 2 and 19

Coordinator of the Working group Foundation Center for Democracy

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